Proxy
1. Proxy
1. Object.defineProperty
- es5拦截对象的方法: Object.defineProperty
- Object.defineProperty的缺点
- 无法监听数组的变化
- 只能监听对象的属性变化
- 需要深度遍历整个对象
js
Object.keys(obj).forEach(key => {
Object.defineProperty(obj, key, {
get() {
console.log('get')
return obj[key]
},
set(newVal) {
console.log('set')
obj[key] = newVal
}
})
})
2. Proxy
- es6拦截对象的方法: Proxy
js
new Proxy(obj, {
// 获取值时的捕获器
get: function(target, key) {
console.log(`监听到对象的${key}属性被访问了`, target)
return target[key]
},
// 设置值时的捕获器
set: function(target, key, newValue) {
console.log(`监听到对象的${key}属性被设置值`, target)
target[key] = newValue
}
})
- receiver: 代理对象本身
- 传入第三个参数receiver, 代理对象本身, 用于解决this指向问题. 如果不传入receiver, 那么this指向的是原始对象(下方代码中的obj). 如果传入receiver, 那么this指向的是代理对象(下方代码中的objProxy)
js
const obj = {
_name: "hzy",
get name() {
return this._name;
},
set name(newValue) {
this._name = newValue;
},
};
const objProxy = new Proxy(obj, {
get: function (target, key, receiver) {
// receiver是创建出来的代理对象
console.log("get方法被访问--------", key, receiver);
console.log(receiver === objProxy);
return Reflect.get(target, key, receiver);
},
set: function (target, key, newValue, receiver) {
console.log("set方法被访问--------", key);
Reflect.set(target, key, newValue, receiver);
},
});
// console.log(objProxy.name)
objProxy.name = "kobe";
2. Proxy捕获器
\
2.1 Proxy捕获器用法
js
const objProxy = new Proxy(obj, {
// 获取值时的捕获器
get: function(target, key) {
console.log(`监听到对象的${key}属性被访问了`, target)
return target[key]
},
// 设置值时的捕获器
set: function(target, key, newValue) {
console.log(`监听到对象的${key}属性被设置值`, target)
target[key] = newValue
},
// 监听in的捕获器 -> in操作符
has: function(target, key) {
console.log(`监听到对象的${key}属性in操作`, target)
return key in target
},
// 监听delete的捕获器 -> delete
deleteProperty: function(target, key) {
console.log(`监听到对象的${key}属性in操作`, target)
delete target[key]
}
})
2.2 Proxy捕获器对函数对象监听
js
function foo() {}
const fooProxy = new Proxy(foo, {
apply: function(target, thisArg, argArray) {
console.log("对foo函数进行了apply调用")
return target.apply(thisArg, argArray)
},
construct: function(target, argArray, newTarget) {
console.log("对foo函数进行了new调用")
return new target(...argArray)
}
})
fooProxy.apply({}, ["abc", "cba"])
new fooProxy("abc", "cba")
3. Reflect
3.1 Reflect本质
- Reflect出现原因就是es6之前, 所有的操作对象访达都添加到了Object对象上, 但是Object对象上的方法不够完善, 所以es6将Object对象上的方法全部迁移到了Reflect对象上
- Reflect是一个内置的对象,它提供拦截JavaScript操作的方法
- Reflect与Proxy的方法一一对应
js
const obj = {
name: "hzy",
age: 18,
};
const objProxy = new Proxy(obj, {
get: function (target, key, receiver) {
console.log("get---------");
return Reflect.get(target, key);
},
set: function (target, key, newValue, receiver) {
console.log("set---------");
target[key] = newValue;
const result = Reflect.set(target, key, newValue);
if (result) {
} else {
}
},
});
objProxy.name = "kobe";
console.log(objProxy.name);
3.2 Reflect.construct
- Reflect.construct作用
- 用于拦截new操作符
- 用于拦截new操作符后的构造函数的调用
js
function Student(name, age) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
function Teacher() {}
// const stu = new Student("hzy", 18)
// console.log(stu)
// console.log(stu.__proto__ === Student.prototype)
// 执行Student函数中的内容, 但是创建出来对象是Teacher对象
const teacher = Reflect.construct(Student, ["hzy", 18], Teacher);
console.log(teacher);
console.log(teacher.__proto__ === Teacher.prototype);